The present second edition incorporates all the changes and technological advancements in the science of Thoracic Surgery and Thoracic Oncology. It is a teaching aid aimed at transferring knowledge and experience from the daily practice of Thoracic Surgery, which is based on the available scientific evidence (evidence-based).

Specifically, the changes related to the staging of lung cancer - with the arrival of the 8th staging of the tumor in 2017 - have been added, as well as those concerning the clearer definition of certain important terms, such as radical resection, oligometastatic disease, etc., which have created new conditions in the treatment of the tumor. Furthermore, the changes in the staging and management of thoracic neoplasms (PET/CT scan, endoscopic ultrasound EBUS) are included, as well as the latest and more detailed guidelines published for the diagnosis, staging, and therapeutic management of lung cancer.

The advent of robotic thoracic surgery and the expansion of indications for thoracoscopic management of various thoracic diseases have created new data and challenges. In addition, some images have been added to the book in order to remain modern and up-to-date in the field, without neglecting its original structure and objectives.