During the economic crisis, which has heavily affected Greek society since the late 2000s, the reform of the Welfare State has gained particular interest. However, in addition to the interventions of the central administration in the critical areas of employment, health, social security, and social welfare, the role of Local Government in the exercise of social protection policies has been defined as a significant challenge. On the other hand, despite the intense regional and local differentiations of poverty and social exclusion, the research discussion on social protection policies at the level of Local Government Organizations remained limited.

The study aims to explore the social and economic factors that affect the exercise of social protection policies by Local Government Organizations of the first degree, while highlighting the (potential) role of the "local" in the design and implementation of corresponding initiatives. Alongside the doctrinal discussion, the study uses empirical data from on-site sampling research in the municipalities of Athens, Aigaleo, Elliniko-Argyroupoli, and Chalandri, demonstrating that the geographical separation of municipalities corresponds to a separation of poverty levels and social exclusion.

The study systematically examines the possibilities and challenges of developing a model of Local Welfare State in Greece, which is part of the broader framework of the discussion on Active Social State. It is oriented towards connecting public social interventions with development policies and employment promotion, as well as strengthening opportunities and personal choices for individuals facing situations of need. It serves as a useful tool for educators, researchers, and students of Social Administration and Social Policy, while it can also serve as an inspirational guide for politicians and program designers combating poverty and social exclusion at the local level.