This book is an introduction to Earth Sciences, aiming to introduce new students and non-specialists to the general concepts and principles of the science of Geology. It is an attempt to understand the composition and functioning mechanism of the planet Earth, both structurally, i.e. the composition and tectonics of its crust with its continuous mobility, and chronologically within the concept of geological time, with fossils and the co-evolution of Life and Earth. It presents a concise history and evolution of Geology as a fundamental and foundational science of Nature. It highlights and condenses some important knowledge and perspectives of Geology that have significantly contributed to our understanding of our environment, and emphasizes "Systems Geology". It is a simple scientific distillation that may stimulate human curiosity about our natural world and attempts to answer basic philosophical questions that arise, strongly affect, or remain latent in each of us.